Tag: pre-fabrication

  • HPH294 : Using a package supplier to deliver an ecological home – with Adrian Reith

    HPH294 : Using a package supplier to deliver an ecological home – with Adrian Reith

    Adrian Reith explains why the joined up design, engineering and quality of a Baufritz home appealed to him.

    Interview with Adrian Reith

    Adrian considers himself to be a creative person and, following a career in advertising, he was inspired to re-train and become a business coach.

    He and his wife Judy live in the centre of Cambridge, where the opportunities to purchase self build plots are few and far between.

    His persistence paid off

    Over the years Adrian has been very active on the Land Registry website, paying a small amount to find out who owns various sites.

    He used to live over the road from this particular plot, which at that time accommodated a number of small garages, not built for modern sized cars.

    Every year, he would write to the owner and ask if they would be willing to sell, and each year he would receive a letter of rejection back. On his sixth year of making the request, they replied that they would be interested in talking to him about it.

    The land was owned by one of the Cambridge colleges, and at that meeting, Adrian emphasised how they had roots in the area, loved Cambridge, and were looking to build a family home. His initial offer of £350,000 was rejected. He immediately increased the offer to £450,000, which was put to the college committee and accepted the following day.

    The plot didn’t have planning permission but Adrian sought advice from a planning officer before making his offer, who thought it had potential to get planning. It was nevertheless a risk to buy what could just have ended up being some very expensive garages!

    Adrian says that he is a creative person and believes in holding onto your dreams, which is something he thinks probably helped in his pursuit of the land. He also thinks he was fortunate that the plot never came onto the open market as he knows of other people who had also been keen to purchase it.

    Planning permission wasn’t a foregone conclusion

    The site has 16 adjoining properties so they were quite concerned at their prospects of getting planning permission.

    Having lived in the vicinity for a number of years already, Adrian and Judy worked hard to communicate with their neighbours about what their plans were. They even managed to have a number of letters of support for their project, which is quite unusual.

    The application went to committee as there were a couple of objections from people who hadn’t engaged with them in the process. The committee were hugely positive, understanding of the eco-credentials, and granted them permission to build.

    The location had access constraints

    The house is hidden from view from the road, which is made up of mostly large, Edwardian villas, and is approached by the side of two mock-tudor style semi-detached houses.

    The site is roughly the size of two double tennis courts, and Adrian thinks that a developer would have put quite a few houses on there. When considering their options they did contemplate building two houses, one to rent out and one to live in, but decided on just a generous four bedroom house for themselves.

    The groundworks were carried out by a separate company, which was particularly challenging, given the narrow access down the lane and a tree in the way! Being a timber-framed house the foundations had to be extremely flat and accurate.

    The Baufritz approach had great appeal

    Adrian and his wife are well connected in the area and were keen to build a home that would enable them to welcome people into it. They wanted it to be ecologically responsible and easy to look after as they move into older age.

    From his previous experience of having architect designed, experimental glass extensions on the backs of big Victorian houses, that weren’t executed all that well or comfortable to live in, he was keen to go for something that wouldn’t be causing them problems later on.

    The Baufritz approach of joining up the issues of design, engineering, materials, function, execution and low maintenance, was something that had appealed to them for quite some time already, after researching them for a previous project which hadn’t gone ahead.

    He also liked their emphasis on it being not just an eco house, but a healthy house, making sure that there’s no PVC, VOCs and glues. The fact they’ve built many of these houses before, with tradesmen working together and not against each other, meant they weren’t dreaming up a house from scratch, hoping it was going to work.

    The design developed during a visit to the Baufritz HQ in Germany

    The first step for Adrian and Judy was to write down lists of all the things they liked or disliked in previous houses, including room dimensions. That formed their brief which the architect gave to Baufritz to cost.

    Once they had planning permission they spent a week in Germany at the Baufritz headquarters, where they were given an office for the duration, and were able to bring their ideas together.

    They were then taken through a series of checklists during the week, covering flooring, bathrooms, toilets, doorknobs, stairs, windows etc. They loved the experience but were glad of the advice of a former customer that they knew, who had suggested doing a reccy some time before where they had time to take stock without any pressure.

    A novel approach for them was that the factory had movable components, where they could wheel sinks, toilets, baths etc around to end up with the actual physical layout they would have in their own house.

    Ultimately, Adrian is pleased with the decisions they made, although, being a perfectionist, he was bound to have some things he wished he had done differently. Having been in the house for five years now, and making the decisions about it seven years ago, times have moved on and he wishes he had opted for an electric car charging point for example. He also says it was difficult to visualise quite where things were going to go inside the house, as to where electrical sockets would need to go, and how many of them would be needed. He thinks this is something he probably underestimated.

    The factory-built approach gives quality of workmanship

    What they liked about the factory build approach, was that the house components are put together in ideal conditions. So for example, a window is sealed into the wall, in ideal conditions, using ideal tools, and not by someone in the rain on a Friday afternoon plugging a gap with some expanding foam!

    Theirs is a timber frame house with walls filled with a wood shaving waste product. There is plasterboard on either side of the walls to keep the insulation in, with a void before another plasterboard layer to run the services in. On the exterior there is another void before the external covering on the outside of the house.

    There were logistical challenges in getting the house components to the site

    Once the foundations had been signed off, they had the go ahead for the house to be built in the factory, and Adrian and Judy were given a date for delivery.

    Adrian negotiated with a local airfield to have a crane stationed there, for lifting the loads off the six, 20 metre trucks, onto a smaller truck to shuttle back and forth to the site. Once at the site, two cranes lifted the pieces of the house over the tree.

    The house is around 26 metres long, and the facade arrived in only four pieces with the triple glazed windows pre-installed. The first wall was swung over on the Tuesday lunchtime, and by the time the sun was going down on the Thursday, the roof was on and the house was watertight.

    The internal works, such as the underfloor heating, screeding, taping, decorating, plumbing, wiring, kitchen and bathroom installation etc, took a further five months to complete. That work was also done by Baufritz, and they actually moved in ahead of the estimated time, and on budget.

    “This is a modern house with soul”

    This was how one of their friends described the finished house, and Adrian believes it does have a human quality about it that speaks to you. He thinks the oak flooring and doors contribute to this, and give it a sense of calm.

    Image copyright Joakim Borén
    Image copyright Joakim Borén

    Something they particularly enjoy is returning to the house after a period of time away and finding that the MVHR keeps the house still smelling fresh.

    Image copyright Joakim Borén

    The house has an upstairs laundry room, with zoned, controllable heating. They hardly use heating anywhere else in the house, except for in this room where the clothes are washed and hung up to dry. The hot, moist air is extracted from the room, with the heat being recycled and the clothes drying quickly.

    The landscaping will give them privacy

    Adrian and Judy spent time with their architect to understand the light and work out which aspects to look out onto. From the office at the top of the house they look over the mature gardens of their neighbours, and downstairs they face across their own garden.

    Image copyright Joakim Borén

    To create privacy for themselves and their neighbours they planted 30 small hornbeam trees, which will create a high level hedge for screening and leave them feeling less exposed than they currently do.

    Image copyright Joakim Borén

    In hindsight, Adrian would have imported a few tonnes of topsoil for the grass, as he wishes he had sought advice on that from a gardener and not a builder!

    Image copyright Joakim Borén
    Image copyright Joakim Borén

    It is at the premium end of housebuilding

    Adrian accepts that it is not a cheap house, and all the convenience does come at a price. However, its central Cambridge location means that it warrants the investment as they would get their money back should they ever wish to sell.

    He very much enjoyed the process of having a menu of options, and tinkering around with their choices to see what impact that would have on the price. One example was they decided during the planning stage to enlarge the hallways and staircase, even though they knew this would have a heavy cost impact with extra roof, foundations, floor, ceiling, wall etc.

    They are happy to share their ideas

    Adrian and Judy have opened their house to hundreds of visitors over the years as part of Cambridge Open Eco Homes.

    “As a creative person, everybody needs their inspiration, everyone needs to steal ideas. That’s the best way, not to come up with your own ideas but to take someone else’s and adapt it. That’s the best thing. So, I’m delighted to show people around and to help them see a vision of how they can do something that they want to do in their own place.”

    Image copyright Joakim Borén

    They recently published “Act 3”

    Building the house in their 50s is evidence of their attitude towards life and, during the lockdown period, Adrian and Judy published a book that links into their work as life coaches.

    They found themselves repeatedly meeting people of a similar age and stage in their lives where they were thinking about their roles and responsibilities to themselves, their families and the world.

    Their book, Act 3: The Art of Growing Older, is designed to be a framework for helping people answer those questions, based around the ideas of looking at your values, what’s important to you, finding purpose, and sorting out your key relationships. It is their belief that starting with those fundamentals will make the rest much easier to work out.

    Find out more

    Visit the website of Act 3

    Find out more about Baufritz

    Transcript

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  • HPH279 : A beginner’s guide to building terminology – with Lee Fordham from Architype

    HPH279 : A beginner’s guide to building terminology – with Lee Fordham from Architype

    Lee Fordham from Architype simplifies some of the terminology you might come across if you’re thinking about doing a sustainable self build.

    Interview with Lee Fordham

    Shortly after qualifying as an architect in 2004, Lee spent time travelling and working for architecture practices in New Zealand and Australia. When he returned to the UK he decided to pursue his passion for sustainable design and started working at Architype, one of the UK’s leading sustainable architects, where he is now an Associate Director.

    A beginner’s guide to terminology

    For those that are just setting out in their self build journey there can be an overwhelming array of technical terminology used that can be baffling to anyone outside of the industry. Lee takes us through some of the common terms that you might come across in a sustainable self build.

    Passivhaus / Passive House

    Passivhaus (Passive House in the United States) is a building standard that was developed in Germany around 30 years ago. Using physics, the aim is to reduce the performance gap between how the building is designed to perform, and how it actually performs.

    The aim is to make the building more comfortable for the occupants and reduce how much energy the building uses, which is done with a better quality of build.

    Liz and Mike Hill’s Passivhaus – designed by Architype

    The experts will use the Passivhaus Planning Package (which you’ll hear referred to as PHPP), which essentially is a very complicated spreadsheet of data that allows them to design a building that will meet the Passivhaus criteria. The contractor will use that information to construct the building, and a certifier will guarantee the work and certify it if it meets the required standard.

    Passivhaus plaque

    MVHR

    You’ll commonly hear a Mechanical Ventilation Heat Recovery system referred to as an MVHR. They’re most likely to be used in Passivhaus buildings, but not exclusively. It is a ventilation system which extracts the used air from inside a building. It takes the heat from that air and mixes it with fresh air which is being brought into the building from outside, to provide every room with fresh, pre-warmed air.

    The air is filtered coming into the building, and different filters can be used according to whatever is in the external air in that area.

    A key benefit over natural ventilation is the element of control over any given space, ie removing moisture from bathrooms etc.

    An MVHR for a domestic dwelling is roughly the size of a combi-boiler and will need to be incorporated into the building’s design.

    MVHR unit at Landsdowne Drive Passivhaus – Green Building Store

    Foundations / Footings

    These will usually be designed by a structural engineer and are what sit under the building to evenly transfer the weight of the building to the earth. The type you use might be dependent on what your ground conditions are like, but some examples are pile foundations, deep strip foundations and raft foundations.

    U-value

    A complicated one to explain, but essentially it’s a way of measuring how thermally conductive a component or a series of components (like a piece of glass, wall or roof) is. It is the rate at which heat travels through. The lower the U-value, the better it is.

    The aim is to have fairly consistent U-values across all the components in a building. Having just one element that isn’t consistent could act as a magnet for moisture and potentially damage the structure. This can partly be achieved by better insulation, triple-glazed windows etc.

    The U-values form part of the data that feeds into the PHPP system.

    Airtightness

    At a very basic level, this is about eliminating drafts in a building. It’s relatively easy to achieve but needs to be thought about at the design stage. At Architype they denote the airtightness layer on their detailed drawings using a red line, which shows the contractors where to take particular care in the construction so as not to damage it.

    To meet building regulations, when the building is finished an air test will be carried out. The building has a giant fan attached to it and is either positively pressured, ie blowing air in, or negatively pressured, ie extracting air. The rate at which the air leaks gives you your air test result. It is a measure in pascals of the pressure of an internal area. Building regs require you to get a result of 10 or less.

    The method in a Passivhaus building is slightly different. This takes an average reading from the building being both positively and negatively pressured, to give an n50 value which is how many volumes of air changes there are in an hour. The Passivhaus requirement is that it should be less than 0.6, so significantly better than building regulations.

    Build system / construction method

    This is a way of describing what method you are going to use to construct your building. Examples include timber frame, masonry, brick and block, insulated concrete formwork (ICF), pre-cast concrete, in-situ concrete, and cross-laminated timber.

    Pre-fabrication

    Pre-fabrication is where components, or indeed whole buildings, are made off-site. This could be from wall panels, to timber frames, to bathrooms that are fully plumbed and tiled, to entire houses.

    MAKAR production facility

    You can even go to the factories and choose your handles, paint finishes, floor finishes etc. When they reach the site they are connected together. The advantages of building the elements off-site is it can be quicker, they’re not subject to delays or damage from the weather, and often it can result in better quality and working better when brought to site.

    Huf Haus

    Zero carbon

    Lee says that this is a difficult one to explain as there are many different interpretations of what it means.

    Generally it refers to off-setting the energy use in a building. So the better your building is, ie a Passivhaus, the less carbon you have to off-set because you’re not using as much energy.

    Looking deeper into it, some people will be referring to zero carbon in use, which is the energy that is used starting from the point of when it’s been built, through to its end of life.

    But there’s also embodied or sequestered carbon, which takes into account everything to do with the design and construction of the building, together with the in-use energy and sometimes through to the demolition. This is more complicated to account for, although there are tools which can help explain for instance, how much energy is used in getting a tree from Germany to the UK to use in a timber frame.

    Custom build

    Whereas self build has many decisions for you to make, whether or not you’re doing it in the purest sense of building it yourself, or whether you’re commissioning someone to carry that out for you, custom build can take some of those decisions away from you. There will be an offering from the custom build company, but with options for you to customise it. That could be in terms of the style of the house, the layout or the finishes. It might not be as individual as you would get with a self build, but it can take away a lot of the headaches!

    Potton Homes design

    Solar shading / brise soleil

    Effectively the same thing, brise soleil or solar shading would be used on the south facing side of a building to limit the sun coming in during the summer months when you don’t want the building to overheat, but allowing it to come in during the winter when the heat is required. Generally it would be a horizontal component that sits over the south facing glazing, whether that be a roof overhang, external canopy or series of louvres.

    External louvres – Charlie Luxton Design
    Wimbish Passivhaus Scheme – Parsons & Whittley
    Ditchingham Passivhaus Scheme – Parsons & Whittley

    On an east or west elevation you would usually have a vertical component, and that’s just to do with the angle of the sun at certain times of day and certain times of year. Windows on the east and west elevation can be harder for dealing with glare and overheating issues.

    Lee says the ideal situation is to have the building facing south where the solar gains can be controlled more easily.

    Design team

    The core members of a design team are likely to include: an architect, structural engineer, civil engineer, mechanical and electrical (M&E) engineer, and possibly a project manager.

    Beyond that, depending on your site and your level of involvement and interests, you might also have: landscape architect, ecologist, arboriculturist, quantity surveyor, Passivhaus designer etc.

    Renewables

    Renewables refers to technology that generates energy. This could be photovoltaics, wind turbines, hydro power etc.

    Air source and ground source heat pumps

    An air source heat pump takes energy from the temperature in the air. Any air above zero degrees has energy in it and this can be taken and transferred into heat or hot water for your house. Similar in size to a washing machine, they’re put on the outside of a building.

    The ground source heat pump works in much the same way but will take the energy from the ground. They have pipes which can either be spread horizontally in the ground which will require a lot of space, or as a vertical spread of pipes, which need less space but are a lot more expensive.

    Plans, elevations, sections and details

    These are examples of the different types of design drawings, created by Parsons and Whittley for Ben Adam-Smith’s house:

    Plan – This is an aerial view, looking down onto the building. You can have different plans to show each floor of the building, but they can show the roof, doors, walls and windows, together with the internal layout.

    Elevation – An elevation is a drawing of what the outsides of the building look like from where you’re standing. A south elevation for example would be the side of the building that is facing towards the south.

    Section – This is like slicing down through a building to show what’s inside. It will show the components of the walls, floors, roof etc.

    Details – By taking a section drawing and zooming in you will create a detail. They can be various scales, such as 1:2 or 1:10, and are an in-depth analysis and instruction for the contractor showing how to construct that part of the building. It would show them where the airtightness line is, where the insulation is, and how wide cavities would need to be.

    Soft landings and performance monitoring

    A soft landing is about making sure that once the building has been constructed, that the operator of that building knows how to use it. Obviously if you’ve built it yourself then this wouldn’t be necessary, but if you’ve largely commissioned other people to complete the project then you should have someone tell you how it all works.

    Performance monitoring can take place throughout the build process but in particular Lee refers to monitoring once the building is complete. This uses sensors to check on things like the internal temperature, humidity and CO2 levels, to make sure the building is performing as it was designed to do.

    Tender

    The way you tender will depend on what kind of contract you will have, but essentially a tender is a set of information that is put out to someone for a response. They will price up the aspects on the tender and return it with their figure and requested documentation. It can be a tender for a design team or for a contractor. The returned tender documents are then scored and weighted according to whatever your priorities might be. For some that might be 80% of the marks will be based on how competitive the price is, but for others they might weight it more heavily in favour of quality and not necessarily who is the cheapest.

    A key thing is to make sure the information and drawings you are sending out are as comprehensive as possible. That way it can be priced accurately for what you will be needing. Without that detail they will be adding an element of price risk to their response which will invariably make it much more expensive.

    Window parts

    • Sill – The ledge at the bottom of the frame.
    • Head – The top of a window where it meets the wall. It can be internal or external.
    • Jamb – The side of the window
    • Reveal – The part next to the jamb. Can be internal (usually plasterboard) or external (usually timber or brick). If the reveals are set very deep into the thickness of a wall they can provide some shading to the window
    • Mullions and transoms – Found on traditional Victorian style windows, the mullions are the vertical bar in the middle of the window, and the transoms are the horizontal bar.

    Roof parts

    • Trusses – The pieces, usually made of wood, that actually make the roof structure
    • Joists – A horizontal structural element that supports the floor and/or ceiling
    • Eaves – The part of the roof that overhangs the wall. Usually if it’s a sloping roof it would be the part which overhangs the gutter
    • Soffits – Underneath the eaves, the soffits are the horizontal section that you can see
    • Ridge – The point right at the top of the roof, usually where two pitches come together
    • Verge – The part at the side of the house. Usually there would be a bargeboard or piece of wood that goes down the side
    • Parapet – Usually a piece of wall that protrudes up above a flat roof
    Roof trusses
    Roof joists

    Find out more

    Visit the website of Architype

    Follow Architype on Twitter

    Transcript

    The Hub

    If you’re new to self build and looking for more information, then be sure to check out The Hub. It’s full of great resources, video diaries and support from a community of like-minded self-builders.

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  • HPH261 : Reducing construction waste and reusing materials – with Duncan Baker-Brown

    HPH261 : Reducing construction waste and reusing materials – with Duncan Baker-Brown

    Duncan Baker-Brown from BBM Sustainable Design explains how we can reduce waste on our projects, given a little more time and with a different approach on site.

    With the construction industry being such a big contributor of annual waste, he also shares strategies for how we could transform things if we treat buildings as material banks, which are built with deconstruction in mind.

    Interview with Duncan Baker-Brown

    Duncan Baker-Brown and Ian McKay set up BBM Sustainable Design 25 years ago. The company has a passion for finding environmentally friendly solutions to architectural challenges, and carries out research projects to inform his practice, and vice versa. Duncan also teaches at the University of Brighton.

    An area of ‘protected’ rainforest is being mined for its resources

    Reducing consumption is crucial

    The construction industry is a huge consumer of raw materials, accounting for around 50% of those that are mined across the world. The resultant deforestation and destruction is a key reason why Duncan believes we should be trying to consume far less.

    Although on an international level many leaders seem to be ignoring the crisis, Duncan sees hope on a more regional level where groups and states seem to be taking matters into their own hands and making commitments to address climate change.

    “There’s no such thing as waste, it’s just stuff in the wrong place”

    Duncan defines a circular economy as being a world where one area’s waste, is a valuable resource for another area.

    The UK construction industry is responsible for 60% of annual waste

    With 600 million tonnes of things being bought in the UK every year, 200 million tonnes is thrown away. Of that waste, 120 million tonnes comes from the construction industry.

    Traditionally, resources are thrown at a site in order to keep it busy and not have delays while waiting for materials. This means a tendency to over order on materials by around 10% for wastage, resulting in around 10-15% of everything arriving on site being thrown away. With this cumulative effect on site, it means that for every six or seven houses that are built in the UK, one house worth of waste will go to landfill or incineration.

    Instead we should only be ordering the goods that are needed, planning the projects better so there aren’t periods of delay, and value the materials that actually arrive on site.

    We could also be shopping in a much smarter way. BBM do a resource map for their projects where they look within a 10km or so radius of the site and work out what resources might be nearby. That could mean a factory producing something, a woodland that’s managed for timber, or even a building site that is being deconstructed where they can salvage materials.

    “But it takes a different mentality and sensibility. And the big deal is the time to educate yourselves around the potential of a circular economy to provide a better product at the end of the day, and being able to be beneficial to the environment as well.”

    The Waste House

    In 2014, BBM completed the Brighton Waste House, an experimental project that was built by students under the guidance of the university. Initially the aim was to build a high performance house out of the material that normally goes to landfill or incineration. During the design and development stages they partnered Freegle UK, whose founder Cat Fletcher, suggested they raise awareness of the things that are thrown away on a daily basis, not just in the construction industry but in our everyday lives. It changed from being a project that proved construction waste was valuable, to a project that became more of a thought-provoker.

    The house was subsequently designed as almost a container for the waste products: a vessel for holding lots of products that had been designed without an end of life strategy. They used the plastic waste products as low grade insulation, and included 4,000 VHS tapes, and 25,000 toothbrushes (all unused) that were collected in just four days from Gatwick Airport!

    With 90% of the material used being other people’s waste, it performs to around Passivhaus standards.

    While they proved that it can be done, Duncan says it would take an experienced architect or contractor to understand the potential for using second hand material. With issues around insurance and guarantee of second hand materials, at the moment we don’t have the legislation or networks to support everybody doing it easily.

    Duncan certainly isn’t saying we should be using waste plastic in our homes, and if he did the project again he would use a resource map for construction and other materials to make a building that was a material store for the future.

    “What I would like to do is a project where maybe we find a building that is unwanted, and we deconstruct it and then reconstruct it with new owners, new use, new site. And the architectural challenge, apart from the deconstruction and reconstruction, would be how to tweak the building so it accommodates the new criteria – our new standards for insulation and energy production and that sort of stuff.”

    Lendager Group have reused an old brick facade

    Think through how you can limit waste on a self build

    If you’re doing a self build project, the best thing you can do is look to reduce your waste on site to zero. By using a pre-fabricated build system for example, you will only have delivered what you actually need. A further benefit is that things that arrive flat-packed and screwed together, could ultimately one day be unscrewed and reused.

    Avoid using the wet trades as far as possible too. As soon as you start mixing things with water there tends to be far more waste.

    Buildings can be material stores for the future

    On a large scale looking at financial industry buildings, Duncan explains that many are only designed with a business plan of perhaps 25 years, after which time they’re demolished and a new flagship building put in their place.

    He describes a project in Amsterdam by ABN AMRO bank. It’s an £18 million Circle Pavilion project, which has been designed so that when it is deconstructed in however many years time, the materials and components are assets that can be sold off or reused on other projects. As well as making financial sense it will avoid sending all the waste to landfill.

    Duncan sees a future circular economy having two spheres: a biosphere and a techsphere. The biosphere being everything that is made of natural materials that can be reused a number of times before they eventually become compost for the natural world. The techsphere incorporates those things that won’t decompose so will need more work to establish how they can be designed to be deconstructed and used again.

    Corporate responsibility is needed for end of life strategies

    Duncan believes there needs to be corporate responsibility of manufactured items, so when something comes to the end of its life, it becomes the responsibility of the manufacturer, not the end user.

    This fits in with the idea of things being material banks, where at the end of their life they would actually be an asset.

    The idea of lease agreements is gaining traction, particularly in Europe. One example is Philips who provide leased light fittings to buildings. The benefit to the end user is that Philips are likely to be supplying them with their most robust fittings because they don’t want to be repeatedly coming out to change the lightbulbs. And from Philips perspective, at the end of their lifespan they are able to take back the fittings and use the parts to make new ones.

    “And from a design point of view, and that’s whether you’re designing a light fitting or a phone or a building, it needs a different way of designing. You need to think about it differently, because you’re thinking about how to take apart the thing that you’re assembling as you’re designing it.”

    Differences can be made on self build and large construction scales

    On a self build scale, websites like Freecycle and Freegle can be a source of finding, or recycling materials. On a general construction industry level, Duncan says there will need to be changes to the buildings regulations to demand and facilitate reuse of materials.

    While some of the large contractors are already moving surplus materials internally to other projects, Duncan thinks it can only be a couple of years before large contractors will start swapping with each other.

    “I’m trying to communicate a really clear message because a lot of people are going to be crunching carbon numbers etc and trying to be carbon neutral and all that sort of stuff. And I just think that’s really difficult I think to understand how to really do it, and I think it’s a lot more straightforward just to say carbon is one of the things that we’ve got to reduce, but we’ve really got to reduce the amount of water we use, the amount of energy we use and the amount of materials and components that we use when we’re designing, building, inhabiting, maintaining, and ultimately deconstructing the built environment that we live and work and play in.”

    Find out more

    Visit the website of BBM Sustainable Design

    Follow BBM Sustainable Design on Twitter

    Read about more examples in Duncan’s book

    The Re-use Atlas

    Transcript

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